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Location - Western Europe and the northernmost country in Great Britain.
Area - 43,430 square miles/78,782 square kilometre
Coastline - 2,040 miles/3,700 kilometre
Terrain - Scotland's terrain is divided into three regions.  The
Highlands cover more than one half of Scotland and include the tallest  mountains. The Central Lowlands, and the Southern Uplands. The highest peak is in the Grampians range is Ben Nevis standing at 4,406 feet/1,343 metres.  It is also the highest in Britain.
The greatest density of Scotland's population is to be found in the
the Strathclyde region of the Central Lowlands.  Glasgow and Scotland's capital city of Edinburgh are situated in the Central Lowlands.  The Southern Uplands consist mostly of a moorland plateau, valleys and mountainous outcroppings.
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Climate - Temperate and is influenced by the North Atlantic current,
the Gulf Stream.  Mild winters, moderate summers where the temperature may rise to as high as 25C. Rainfall is not as high as some claim (it doesn't ‘always’ rain in Scotland), and numerous dry summer days occur.  
Population - Approximately 5 million, with 75% inhabiting the Central Belt.
Capital City - Edinburgh
Official languages - Predominantly English.  Scottish Gaelic and Doric.
Religious affiliation - Protestant Church of Scotland 42%, No religion
28%, Roman Catholic 16%, Others 14% (2001)
National holiday - No Scottish National day is officially celebrated.
However, St. Andrew's Day on the 30th November is unofficially
considered Scotland's National day.

Official flag - The Saltire, the St Andrew's flag, was known to be a National emblem of Scotland from as early as 1286. The legend is that the St. Andrew's cross appeared in the sky to help the Scots to win a battle against the Angles.  The City of Edinburgh is often called the Athens of the North. The Scottish Highlands are among Scotland's most popular tourist  destination.  The ceilidh is a typical Scottish party with traditional music, dances and good drink.  The kilt is a part of the traditional Highland dress and is traditionally worn at important family celebrations.  Burns Night is a national celebration of
the life and poetry of the Scottish poet Robert Burns.

Saunter through the Scotland Places to Visit website to learn more.  
Map Outline Courtesy of SRTM data from NASA, PD  SFC9394 ©